SS-31: 14mg

Description

Ss-31 (also known as elamipretide, bendavia, and forzinity) is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide engineered to concentrate at the inner mitochondrial membrane at levels approximately 1,000–5,000 times higher than surrounding cellular tissue. its mechanism is precise: ss-31 binds cardiolipin, a phospholipid found exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane that holds the electron transport chain machinery in place. as cardiolipin degrades with age and oxidative stress, the electron transport chain loosens, energy output drops, and reactive oxygen species (ros) production spikes. ss-31 stabilizes cardiolipin, tightening respiratory complexes i, iii, and iv, reducing ros production, and restoring efficient atp generation. in aged mice, a single ss-31 injection restored in vivo mitochondrial energetics to young-mouse levels within one hour. ss-31 (as elamipretide/forzinity) received fda accelerated approval in september 2025 for barth syndrome, a rare genetic disorder defined by defective cardiolipin remodeling — making it the first mitochondria-targeted therapeutic approved in the united states. for research purposes in non-barth applications, ss-31 remains investigational. for research and educational purposes only.

Specifications

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